Studies: Health Effects of Electromagnetic Radiation & Microwaves

Image shown is from the Journal of the American Medical Association and the Environmental Health Trust.

There are a huge number of scientific studies – in excess of 6,000 at the last count – which have shown that RF radiation and microwaves are harmful to humans, animals and plants.

Campaign group EMF Safety have compiled this collection of more than 1,300, peer-reviewed, scientific studies showing harm from EMFs/cell phones/WiFi, etc.

The BioInitiative Report 2012 sifted through 1,800 studies (PDF).  This also helpfully included RF Colour Charts which summarised many studies relevant for cell towers, WI-FI, ‘smart’ wireless utility meters, wireless laptops, baby monitors, cell phones and cordless phones.

Prof. Henry Lai’s “Research Summaries” for the BioInitiative Report website includes some invaluable sets of abstracts – data-based to be searchable – covering the RFR scientific literature, as well as collections of scientific abstracts on free radical damage (from both RFR and ELF) and a set specific to electrosensitivity.  They cover the research published between 1990-2012.

The Bibliography of the BioInitiative Report from 2007 includes an extensive record of studies (PDF).

The Prove-It initiative has compiled a list of more than 1,100 studies.

The US Naval Medical Research Institute Report from 1971 (PDF) referenced the biological effects from microwave + radio-frequency radiation of over 2,300 scientific studies showing harm.

24 hours of exposure to radio-frequency radiation has been shown to result in similar effects on a comet assay as 1,600 chest x-rays. This is an observable effect. Sometimes, the effects of non-ionising radiation and ionising radiation can be similar – it is the pathways or mechanisms for harm that are different.  However, since the mainstream medical establishment has not been able to account for ‘how’ this happens, its manifestation is obfuscated and denied. History repeats.

The Kompetenze Initiative Report – Bees, Birds and Mankind – Destroying Nature by Electrosmog – by Prof. Ulrich Warnke explains what damage is done by RF/MW radiation to our bees, birds, other pollinators, animals and humans – and also explains mechanisms for harm, most notably through Nitric Oxide disruption.

Powerwatch UK has also compiled an extensive list of Scientific Studies (updated at start of 2012).

Campaign group WiFi In Schools has published this collection of 34 Scientific Studies showing adverse biological effects and damage to health from Wi-Fi.

The Seletun Scientific Panel published the important Seletun Statement and this document in 2010 (Fragopoulou et al) (PDF)

The online archive of Dr Neil Cherry (1946-2003) contains extensive references following his important work in exposing dangers of wireless radiation.

Part of the archive of former US Navy Medical Researcher Dr Zorach R. Glaser is also available on Dr Magda Havas’s website which contains extensive links to the former US Navy Medical Officer’s work.

 

 

 

 

Over 40% of the world’s nations have non-ionising radiation standards more rigorous than ICNIRP. These standards were voted “out of date” and “obsolete” by the European Parliament in 2008 – but they are still used in the UK because the UK’s public health authority – PHE – does not believe that harmful effects exist at non-thermal levels. This is a manifestly flawed consideration in respect of public health policy, and stands in opposition to the World Health Organisation’s classification of RF-radiation as a Class 2b possible carcinogen.

 

Source: Autism Speaks (autismspeaks.com)

Other studies which have shown harmful effects of non-ionising electromagnetic radiation include (this is not comprehensive):

TITLE AUTHORS DATE
“Mobile phone related-hazards and subjective hearing and vision symptoms in the Saudi population” Meo SA, Al-Drees AM 2005
“Cellular phone effects on otoacoustic emissions” Grisanti G, Parlapiano C, Tamburello CC, Tine G, Zanforlin L 1998
“Assessment of Potential Effects of Electromagnetic Fields of Mobile Phones on Hearing” Uloziene, Uloza, Gradauskiene, Saferis 2005
“Hearing level and intensive use of mobile phones” Sebastian Gil E, Marco Algarra J. 2005
“Vestibular schwannoma, tinitus and cellular telephones” Hardell L, Mild KH, Sandstrom M, Carlberg M, Hallquist A, Pahlson A 2003
“Mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma risk in Japan” T. Takebayashi, S. Akiba, Y. Kikuchi, et al. 2007
“Mobile Phone Use and Acoustic Neuroma Risk in Japan” Takebayashi, Akiba, Kikuchi, Taki, et al. 2006
“Mobile phone use and risk of acoustic neuroma: results of the Interphone case-control study in five North European countries” Schoemaker M. J., Swerdlow A. J., Ahlbom A., et al. 2005
“Mobile Phone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma” Lonn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M 2004
“Mobile Phone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma” Lonn, Ahlbom, Hall, Fetching, et al. 2004
“Cellular Telephone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma” Christensen,Schuz,Kosteljanetz,et al. 2004
“Case-Control Study on Cellular and Cordless Telephones and the Risk for Acoustic Neuroma or Meningioma” Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K 2005
“A Study of the Effects of Cellular Telephone Microwave Radiation on the Auditory System in Healthy Men” Mora, Crippa, Mora, Dellepiane 2006
“Experimental study and mechanism analysis on bioeffects by nanosecond electromagnetic pulses” Wang BY, Yang JB, Guo QG, Xu RM, Liu CJ, Zhang H, Zou FD, Wang ZS 1997
“Bioeffects induced by exposure to microwaves are mitigated by superposition of ELF noise” Litovitz TA, Penafiel LM, Farrel JM, Krause D, Meister R, Mullins JM 1997
“The modification of the effect of microwave radiation on the biochemical processes in anaphylactic shock by using exposure to a weak and perturbed geomagnetic field” Podkovkin VG 1993
“Development and form of shortwave thermal zones in an agar body” ALBRECHT, W. 1935
“Repeated exposure to low-level extremely low frequency-modulated microwaves” Vorobyov V, Pesic V, Janac B, Prolic Z. 2004
“Working with Visual Display Units” Robinette et al. 1980
“Children’s Health and Environment: A Review of Evidence: A Joint Report from the European Environmental Agency and The World Health Organization” World Health Organization 2002
“Agar-Bridge System for Exposing Cell Cultures to Electric Fields” Theriault 1994
“Modification of lethal radiation injury in mice by postradiation exposure to low-intensity centimeter-band radio frequency waves” Akoev IG, Mel’nikov VM, Usachev AV, Kozhokaru AF 1994
“Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)” International Commission on Non-ionizing Radiation Protection 0
“The Impulse UHF Field in Experimental and Clinical Practice” ABRIKOSOV, I. A. 1954
“The Action of a Pulsed Electric UHF Field on the Organism” ABRIKOSOV, I. A. 1955
“The role of coherence time in the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity” Litovitz TA, Krause D, Penafiel M, Elson EC, Mullins JM 1993
“Opioid receptor subtypes that mediate a microwave-induced decrease” inNL, Pal’tsev IuP, Iasnetsov VV 1994
“Effect of a magnetic field on carboxydismutase” AKOYUNOGLOU, G. 1964
“Mortality of chicken embryos exposed to EMFs from mobile phones” Youbicier-Simo BJ, Lebecq JC, Bastide M 1998
“Micronucleus induction after whole-body microwave irradiation of rats” Trosic I, Busljeta I, Kasuba V, Rozgaj R 2002
“Study on health effects of the shortwave transmitter station of Schwarzenburg, Bern, Switzerland” E.S. Altpeter, T.H. Krebs 1995
“The microwave syndrome—further aspects of a Spanish study, in: Proceedings of the Third InternationalWorkshop on Bioelectromagnetic Effects of Electromagnetic Fields, Kos, Greece” G. Oberfeld, et al 2004
“Electromagnetic absorption in the human head and neck for mobile telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz, IEE Trans” O.P. Gandhi, G. Lazzi, C.M. Furse 1996
“Amplitude Windows and Transiently Augmented Transcription from Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields” Litovitz et al. 1997
“Fetal and neonatal responses following maternal exposure to mobile phones” Rezk A. Y., Abdulqawi K., Mustafa R. M., Abo El-Azm T. M. and Al-Inany H. 2008
“Microwave enhanced kinetics observed in ORD studies of a protein” Bohr H, Bohr J 2000
“Perturbations of plant leaflet rhythms caused by electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation” Ellingsrud S, Johnsson A 1993
“Does The Skrunda Radio Location Station Diminish the Radial Growth of Pine Trees?” Balodis et al 1996
“Environmental-health aspects of pulse-modulated microwaves” Neshev NN, Kirilova EI 1996
“Some present problems and a proposed experimental phantom for SAR compliance testing of cellular telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz” O.P. Gandhi, G. Kang 2002
“Effects of mobile phone radiation on UV-induced skin tumourigenesis in ornithine decarboxylase transgenic and non-transgenic mice” Heikkinen P, Kosma VM, Alhonen L, Huuskonen H, Komulainen H, Kumlin T, Laitinen JT, Lang S, Puranen L, Juutilainen J 2003
“Role of modulation on the effect of microwaves on ornithine decarboxylase activity in L929 cells” Penafiel LM, Litovitz T, Krause D, Desta A, Mullins JM 1997
“Analysis of RF exposure in the head tissues of children and adults” J. Wiart, A. Hadjem, M.F. Wong 2008
“Biological effect from electromagnetic field exposure and public exposure standards” L. Hardell, C. Sage 2008
“The effect of electromagnetic waves on the growth of Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba dispar.” Aksoy U, Sahin S, Ozkoc S, Ergor G 2005
“SIMS study of the calcium-deprivation step related to epidermal meristem production induced in flax by cold shock or radiation from a GSM telephone” Tafforeau M, Verdus M-C, Norris V, White G, Demarty M, Thellier M, Ripoll C. 2002
“Risk evaluation of potential environmental hazards from low frequency electromagnetic field exposure using sensitive in vitro methods” A project funded by the European Union under the programme Quality of Life and Management of Living 2004
“Effect of EMF on the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and the level of malonyldialdehyde (MDA)” Stopczyk D, Gnitecki W, Buczynski A, Markuszewski L, Buczynski J 2002
“Interactions of RF radiation-induced hyperthermia and 2-methoxyethanol teratogenicity in rats” Nelson BK, Conover DL, Krieg EF Jr, Snyder DL, Edwards RM 1997
“SCE-Frequencies Following Exposure to Magnetic Fields” Tornqvist, S. et al. 1986
“Interaction of low level modulated RF radiation with Na+¯ K+-ATPase” Behari J, Kunjilwar KK, and Pyne S 1998
“Extremely Low Frequency Fields Environmental Health Criteria Monograph 238” World Health Organization 2007
“Effects of Pulse Microwave Exposure on Mitochondrial Marker Enzyme and Energy Metabolism in Mouse Brain (1)” Chiang H 1999
“The Effects of Low-Energy 60-Hz EMF Upon the Growth Related Enzyme ODC” Takashima, S. et al. 1979
“Effects of co-exposure to ELF magnetic fields and benzene or benzene metabolites determined in vitro by the alkaline comet assay” Morettia M, Villarinia, Simonuccib S, Fatigonia C, Scassellati-Sforzolinia G, Monarcaa S, Pasquinia R, Angeluccic M, Strappinic M 2005
“Effect of Isothermal Radiofrequency Barrier Induced by 915 MHz Electromagnetic Radiation, Continuous Wave and Modulated at 8, 16, 50, and 200 Hz” Cleary, Du, Cao, Liu, McCrady 1994
“Frequency-dependent alterations in enolase activity in Escherichia coli caused by exposure to electric and magnetic fields” Dutta SK, Verma M, Blackman CF 1994
“Thermal effects of 200 megacycles (cw) irradiation as related to shape, location, and orientation in the field” ADDINGTON, C. H., OSBORN, C., SWARTZ, G., FISCHER, F. P., & SARKEES, Y.T. 1959
“Public Exposure levels from WiFi systems, 10/12/2007” Philips, A. 2007
“The Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation from the Skrunda Radio Location Station on Spirodela Polyrhiza Schleiden Cultures” Magone 1996
“Effect of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on permeability of unilamellar liposomes to 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein” Saalman E, Norden B, Arvidsson L, Hamnerius Y, Hojevik P, Connell KE, Kurucsev T, 1991
“Preliminary evaluation of nanoscale biogenic magnetite-based ferromagnetic transduction mechanisms for mobile phone bioeffects” Cranfield C, Wieser HG, Al Madan J, Dobson J 2003
“Comparison of symptoms experienced by users of analogue and digitalmobile phones: a Swedish-Norwegian epidemiological study” Haugsdal B, Hauger E, Mild KH, Oftedal G, Sandstrom M, Wilen J, Tynes T 1998
“Epidemiological Studies of Radiofrequency Radiation: Current Status and Areas of Concern” Goldsmith 1996
“Erythropoietic changes in rats after 2.45 GJz nonthermal irradiation” Busljeta I, Trosic I, Milkovic-Kraus S. 2004
“Erythropoietic dynamic equilibrium in rats maintained after microwave irradiation” Trosic I, Busljeta I. 2006
“Qualitative enzyme histochemistry and microanalysis reveals changes in ultrastructural distribution of calcium and calcium-activated ATPases after microwave irradiation of the medial habenula” Kittel A, Siklos L, Thuroczy G, Somosy Z 1996
“Changes in serum alkaline phosphatase activity during in vitro exposure to AM EMF of ultrahigh frequency (2375 MHz) in guinea pigs Pashovkina MS, Akoev IG 2000
“Effects of Weak Amplitude Modified Microwave Fields on Calcium Efflux” Seegal, R.F. 1989
“Exposure of frog hearts to CW or amplitude-modulated VHF fields: selective efflux of calcium ions at 16 Hz” Schwartz JL, House DE, Mealing GA 1990
“Reverse-micelle model: pH, electromagnetic field and inhibitor enzyme interaction” Chattopadhyay SK, Toews KA, Butt S, Barlett R, Brown HD 1997
“Influence of 400, 900, and 1900 MHz electromagnetic fields on Lemna minor growth and peroxidase activity” Tkalec M, Malaric K, Pevalek-Kozlina B. 2005
“Effect of a 915-MHz simulated mobile phone signal on c function in man” A. Preece, et al. 1999
“Study on the effects of microwave irradiation on ultramicrostructure of hypothalamus in mice” Yao GD, Chiang H 1985
“Cellular Telephone Use and Time Trends in Brain Tumor Mortality from 1969 to 2002” Roosli, Michel, Keuhni, Spoerri 2007
“Microwave-induced thermoelastic pressure wave propagation in the cat brain” Lin JC, Su JL, Wang Y 1988
“Calculation of Change in Brain Temperatures Due to Exposure to a Mobile Phone” Van Leeuwen, Lagendijk, Van Leersum 1999
“Temporal bisection in rats: the effects of high-peak-power pulsed microwave irradiation” Raslear TG, Akyel Y, Bates F, Belt M, Lu ST 1993
“Suppression of evoked and spontaneous field potentials by radiofrequency radiation in rat hippocampal slices” Tattersell JEH, Nettell JJ, Wood SJ 1998
“Interaction of microwaves and a temporally incoherent magnetic field on spatial learning in the rat” Lai H. 2004
“Radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in humans: Estimation of SAR distribution in the brain, effects on sleep and heart rate” Huber R, Schuderer J, Graf T, Jutz K, Borbely AA, Kuster N, Achermann P 2003
“Effects of exposure to a 900MHz electromagnetic field on the dentate gyrus: a stereological and histopathological study” Odaci E., Bas O. and Kaplan S. 2008
“Ginkgo biloba prevents mobile phone-induced oxidative stress in rat brain” A. Ilhan, A. Gurel, F. Armutcu, S. Kamisli, M. Iraz, O. Akyol, S. Ozen 2004
“Digital cellphone field exposures, in utero, alter ODC and polyamine levels in fetal rat brains” Cain CD, Ghaffari M, Jones RA, Byus CV, Adey WR 1999
“Fetal rat brain ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and polyamine levels following exposures to Iridium cell phone fields in late pregnancy” Adey WR 2000
“06-methylguanini E-DNA-methyltransgerase activity and ODC activity in brains” Cain CD, Ghaffari M, Jones RA, Archambeau J, Adey WR 1998
“Nerve cell damage in mammalian brain after exposure to microwaves from GSM mobile phones” Salford L. G., Brun A. E., Eberhardt J. L., Malmgren L. and Persson B. R. R. 2003
“Effects of microwave exposure at various power densities on mitochondrial enzymes in mouse brain” Chiang H, Yao GD, Zhou SY 1984
“Melatonin modulates 900 Mhz microwave-induced lipid peroxidation changes in rat brain” H.Koylu, H. Mollaoglu, F.N. Ozguner 2006
“1800 MHz electromagnetic field effects on melatonin release from isolated pineal glands” Sukhotina I, Streckert JR, Bitz AK, Hansen VW, Lerchl A 2006
“The effects of radiofrequency radiation on long term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices” Scott IR, Tattersall JEH 1999
“Effects of low-level microwave irradiation on hippocampal and frontal cortical choline uptake are classically conditionable” Lai H, Horita A, Chou CK, Guy AW 1987
“The effect of low level continuous 2.45 GHz waves on enzymes of developing rat brain” Paulraj R, Behari J 2002
“The effects of 3000 MHz microwave irradiation on electroencephalic energy and energy metabolism in mouse brain” Pu JS, Chen J, Yang YH, Bai YQ 1997
“Effects of low intensity radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on electrical activity in rat hippocampal slices” Tattersall JE, Scott IR, Wood SJ, Nettell JJ, Bevir MK, Wang Z, Somasiri NP, Chen X. 2001
“A Role for the Magnetic Field in the Radiation-Induced Efflux of Calcium Ions from Brain Tissue in Vitro” Szmigielski, S. et al. 1987
“Effects of Modulated RF Energy on the EEGs of Mammalian Brains” Sienkiewicz, Saunders and Kowalczuk 1991
“Electromagnetic interference of GSM mobile phones with the implantable deep brain stimulator, ITREL-III” Kainz W, Alesch F, Chan DD 2003
“Corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist blocks microwave- induced decreases in high-affinity choline uptake in the rat brain” Lai H, Carino MA, Horita A, Guy AW 1990
“Intracerebroventricular injection of mu- and delta-opiate receptor antagonists block 60 Hz magnetic field-induced decreases in cholinergic activity in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the rat” Lai H, Carino MA 1998
“Effects of Weak Amplitude Modulated Microwave Fields on Calcium Eflux on Awake Cat Cerebral Cortex Bawin, S.M. and W.R. Adey 1976
“Intraseptal microinjection of beta-funaltrexamine blocked a microwave induced decrease of hippocampal cholinergic activity in the rat” Lai H, Carino MA, Horita A, Guy AW 1994
“Opioid receptor subtypes that mediate a microwave-induced decrease in central cholinergic activity in the rat” Lai H, Carino MA, Horita A, Guy AW 1992
“Effect of amplitude-modulated radio frequency radiation on cholinergic system of developing rats” Kunjilwar KK, Behari J 1993
“Low-level microwave irradiations affect central cholinergic activity in the rat” Lai H, Horita A, Chou CK, Guy AW 1987
“Weak Electric Gradients Change the Ionic and Transmitter Fluxes in Cortex” Kaczmarek and Adey 1974
“IRIDIUM exposure increases c-fos expression in the mouse brain only at levels which likely result in tissue heating” Morrissey JJ, Raney S, Heasley E, Rathinavelu P, Dauphinee M, Fallon JH 1999
“Iridium exposure increase c-fos expression in the mouse brain” Morrissey JJ, Rauey S, Heasley E, Rathinavelua P, Dauphinee M, Fallon JH 1999
“The Anatomical Distribution of Cerebral Giomas in Mobile Phone Users” Ali Khan, O’Brien, Kelly, Phillips, et al. 2003
“Electron Microscope Observation on Rat Cerebellum and Hippocampus After Exposure to 60-Hz Electric Fields” Schwartz et al. 1990
“60 Hz Magnetic fields and Central Cholinergic Activity: Effects of Exposure Intensity and Duration” Lai H, Carino MA 1998
“Low-level microwave irradiation and central cholinergic activity: a doseresponse study” Lai H, Carino MA, Horita A, Guy AW 1989
“Low-level microwave irradiation and central cholinergic systems” Lai H, Carino MA, Horita A, Guy AW 1989
“Astocytoma Risk Related to Job Exposure to Electric and Magnetic Fields” Reuter 1987
“The Efflux of 45Ca2+ and 3H-Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Fron Cat Cerebral Cortex” Kaczmarek and Adey 1973
“In Vitro Study of Microwave Effects on Calcium Efflux in Rat Brain Tissue Bawin and Adey 1976
“Possible Mechanisms of Weak Electromagnetic Field Coupling with Brain Tissue” Bawin, Sheppard and Adey 1978
“Induction of Calcium-ion Efflux From Brain Tissue by Radiofrequency Radiation: Effects of Modulated Frequency and Field Strength” Blackman et al. 1979
“Effect of Amplitude Modulated 147 MHz Radiofrequency on Calcium Ion Efflux from Avian Brain Tissue” Albert, Bray, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Watson 1987
“Effect of amplitude modulated RF radiation on calcium ion efflux and ODC activity in chronically exposed rat brain” Paulraj R, Behari J, Rao AR 1999
“The Influence of Temperature During Electric and Magnetic Field Induced Alteration of Calcium Ion Release from In Vitro Brain Tissue” Blackman et al. 1991
“Effects of ELF fields on calcium-ion efflux from brain tissues” Blackman et al. 1982
“Influence of Electromagnetic Fields on the Efflux of Calcium Ions from Brain Tissue In Vitro” Blackman et al. 1988
“Power Density, Field Density and Carrier Frequency Determinants of RF Energy-Induced Calcium Ion Efflux from Brain Tissue” Joines, W.T, and Blackman, C.F. 1980
“Sensitivity in Calcium Binding in Cerbral Tissue to Weak Electric Fields Oscillating at Low Frequency” Bawin, S.M. and W.R. Adey 1976
“Effects of low level 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on Ca2+ efflux and ODC activity in chronically exposed developing rat brain” Paul Raj R, Behari J. Rao AR 1999
“Microwave-evoked brainstem potentials in cats” Lin JC, Meltzer RJ, Redding FK 1979
“Blood-brain Barrier Permeability in Rats Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields Used in Wireless Communication” Persson, Salford, Brun 1997
“Radiofrequency and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field effects on the blood-brain barrier” Nittby, H., Grafstrom G., Eberhardt J. L., Malmgren L., Brun A., Persson B. R. R. and Salford L. G. 2008
“Permeability of the blood-brain barrier induced by 915 MHz electromagnetic radiation, continuous wave and modulated at 8, 16, 50, and 200 Hz” Salford LG, Brun A, Sturesson K, Eberhardt JL, Persson BR 1994
“Diurnal Patterns in Brain Biogenic Amines of Rats Exposed to 60-Hz Electric Fields” Stodolnik-Baranska, W. et al. 1973
“Cellular phone electromagnetic field effects on bioelectric activity of human brain” Lebedeva NN, Sulimov AV, Sulimova OP, Kotrovskaya TI, Gailus T, 2000
“Single vs. repeated microwave exposure: effects on benzodiazepine receptors in the brain of the rat” Lai H, Carino MA, Horita A, Guy AW 1992
“Can Mobile Phone Emissions Affect Auditory Functions of Cochlea or Brain Stem?” Sievert, U., Eggert, S., Pau, H.W. 2005
“Effects of exposure to low level radiofrequency fields on acetylcholine release in hippocampus of freely moving rats” Bioelectromagnetics 23:249-255 2002
“The Possible Role of Radiofrequency Radiation in the Development of Uveal Melanoma” Stang et al. 2001
“The possible role of radiofrequency radiation in the development of uveal melanoma” Stang A, Anastassiou G, Ahrens W, Bromen K, Bornfeld N, Jockel KH 2001
“Potential Hazards of Hertizan Radiation and Tumors” Zaret, M 1977
“Effect of low-energy and high-peak-power nanosecond pulses of microwave radiation on malignant tumors” Devyatkov ND, Pletnyov SD, Betskii OV, Faikin VV 2001
“The Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Cells of Tumor-Bearing Mice After Total-Body Microwave Irradiation and Antioxidant Diet” Novoselova EG, Ogay VB, Sorokina OV, Glushkova OV, Sinotova OA, Fesenko EE. 2004
“Effect of centimeter microwaves and the combined magnetic field on the tumor necrosis factor production in cells of mice with experimental tumors” Novoselova EG, Ogai VB, Sorokina OV, Novikov VV, Fesenko EE 2001
“Stimulation of production of tumor necrosis factor by murine macrophages when exposed in vivo and in vitro to weak EMF in the centimeter range” Novoselova ET, Fesenko EE 1998
“Spontaneous and nitrosourea-induced primary tumors of the CNS in rats chronically exposed to 836 MHz modulated microwaves” Adey WR, Byus CV, Cain CD, Higgins RJ, Jones RA, Kean CJ, Kuster N, MacMurray A, Stagg RB, Zimmerman G, Phillips JL, Haggren W 1999
“In Vitro Exposure to EMFs: Changes in Tumor Cell Properties” Verschave et al. 1994
“Effect of Pulsed EMF on Tumor Growth in Mice” Veldhuis et al. 1984
“Testicular Cancer and Electromagnetic Fields in the Workplace:results of a population based case-control study in Germany” Zurawska and Nowak 1992
“Use of Cellular and Cordless Telephones and Risk of Testicular Cancer” Hardell, Carlberg, Ohlson, Westberg et al 2006
“Testicular Cancer and Electromagnetic Fields in the Workplace: Results of a Population Based Case-Control Study in Germany” Baumgart-Elms, Ahrens, Bromen, Boikat 2002
“Cluster of Testicular Cancer in Police Officers Exposed to Hand-held Radar” Davis, R.L., and Mostoff, F.K. 1993
“Case-control study on risk factors for testicular cancer” Hardell L, Nasman A, Ohlson CG, Fredrikson M 1998
“Cluster of testicular cancer in police officers exposed to hand-held radar” Davis RL, Mostofi FK 1993
“Occupational and Risk for Testicular Cancer: A Case Control Study” Hayes, R., Brown, L., Pottern, L., et al. 1990
“Effect of a Strong Magnetostatic Field on Proliferation of Duodenal Epithelial Cells in Mice” Szmiegielski 1996
“Cancer in Radar Technicians Exposed to RF/Microwave Radiation: Sentinal Episodes” Richter E, Berman T, Ben-Michael E, Laster R, Westin JB 2000
“Proto-oncogene mRNA levels and activities of multiple transcription factors in C3H 10T 1/2 murine embryonic fibroblasts exposed to 835.62 and 847.74 MHz cellular phone”communication frequency radiation. Goswami PC, Albee LD, Parsian AJ, Baty JD, Moros EG, Pickard WF, Roti Roti JL, Hunt CR 1999
“Inhibitory effects of melatonin on preneoplastic liver lesions in in F344 rats: relation to the influence of EM near field exposure” Imaida K, Hagiwara A, Yoshino H, Tamano S, Sano M, Futakuchi M, Ogawa K, Asamoto M, Shirai T, 2000
“Actions of Calcium Ions and Calcium Influx Blocker on Basal TRH- and GnRH-stimulated Hormone Release In Patients With Pituitary Adenomas” Davis et al. 1987
“Cancer in the Electric Power Industry” Reiter 1994
“Magnetic Fields of High Power Voltage Lines and Risk of Cancer in Finnish Adults” Verkasalo P, Pukkala E, Kapiro J, et al. 1996
“Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. I. Sutton Coldfield Transmitter” Dolk H, Shaddick G, Walls P, Grundy C, Thakrar B, Kleinschmidt I, Elliott P 1997
“Airport Radar and Incidence of Cancer in Wichita” Wei et al. 1990
“Electrical Workers: An Analysis of Cancer Registration in England” Robinette 1980
“Cellular phone use and risk of benign and malignant parotid gland tumors—a nationwide case–control study” S. Sadetzki, A. Chetrit, A. Jarus-Hakak, E. Cardis, Y. Deutch, S. Dvendevani, A. Zultan, I. Novikov, L. Freedman, M. Wolf 2008
“Mobile Phone Use and Risk of Parotid Gland Tumor” Lonn, Ahlbom, Christensen, Johansen, et al. 2006
“Ets1 oncogene induction by ELF-modulated 50 MHz RF electromagnetic field” Romano-Spica V, Mucci N, Ursini CL, Ianni A, Bhat NK 2000
“Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas and occupation in Sweden” Cano MI, Pollan M 2001
“Occupation and Risk of Non-Hodgkin¹s Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia” Zheng T, Blair A, Zhang Y, Weisenburger DD, Zahm SH 2002
“Cellular Telephones and non-Hodgkin Lymphoma” Linet, Taggart, Severson, Cerham, et al. 2006
“Use of cellular or cordless telephones and the risk for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma” Hardell L, Eriksson M, Carlberg M, Sundstrom C, Mild KH 2005
“Neoplastic transformation of C3H/10T1/2 cells following exposure to 120-Hz modulated 2.45-GHz microwaves and phorbol ester tumor promoter” Balcer-Kubiczek EK, Harrison GH 1991
“Cancer Incidence and Mortality and Proximity to TV Towers” Hocking, Gordon, Grain, Hatfield 1996
“Higher Mortality Rates for All Cancers and Leukemia in Some Age Groups in the Area Near the AM Radio Broadcasting Towers” Park, et al. 2004
“Cause-Specific Mortality in Cellular Telephone Users” Dreyer, Loughlin, Rothman 1999
“Cancer incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers” Hocking B, Gordon IR, Grain HL, Hatfield GE 1996
“Occupational Exposures and Brain Cancer Mortality” Peters 1991
“Cancer Mortality and Residence Near Electricity Transmission Equipment: A Retrospective Cohort Study” Schreiber, Swaen, Geijers, et al. 1993
“Occupational Cancer Mortality Among Women Employed in the Telephone Industry” Dosemeci, M. and Blair, A. 1994
“Cancer Mortality in Males” Nordstrom et al. 1988
“Cancer Mortality in Males” Nahas, El 1989
“Cancer Mortality in Males” Nordstrom et al. 1983
“Cancer Mortality in Males” Nordstrom, S. et al. 1983
“Cancer Mortality in Males” Nordenson, I. et al. 1984
“Electromagnetic radiation at 835 MHz changes the morphology and inhibits proliferation of a human astrocytoma cell line” French PW, Donnellan M, McKenzie DR 1997
“Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation” Szmigielski S 1996
“Cancer Morbidity Among Workers in the Telecommunications Industry” Reiter 1994
“Magnetic fields (MF) of 50 Hz at 1.2_T as well as 100_T cause uncoupling of inhibitory pathways of adenylyl cyclase mediated by melatonin 1a receptor in MF-sensitive MCF-7 cells” Ishido, et al. 2001
“Meningioma and mobile phone use—a collaborative case–control study in five North European countries” ] A. Lahkola, T. Salminen, J. Raitanen, S. Heinavaara, M.J. Schoemaker, H.C. Christensen, M. Feychting, C. Johansen, L. Klaeboe, S. Lonn, A.J. Swerdlow, T. Tynes, A. Auvinen 2008
” Replication of 12mG EMF effects on melatonin responses of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro” Luben, et al. 1996
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